Genetically based population divergence in overwintering energy mobilization in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis)

Crespel, Amélie, Bernatchez, Louis, Garant, Dany et Audet, Céline ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3366-210X (2013). Genetically based population divergence in overwintering energy mobilization in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis). Genetica, 141 (1-3). pp. 51-64.

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Résumé

Investigating the nature of physiological traits potentially related to fitness is important towards a better understanding of how species and/or populations may respond to selective pressures imposed by contrasting environments. In northern species in particular, the ability to mobilize energy reserves to compensate for the low external energy intake during winter is crucial. However, the phenotypic and genetic bases of energy reserve accumulation and mobilization have rarely been investigated, especially pertaining to variation in strategy adopted by different populations. In the present study, we documented variation in several energy reserve variables and estimated their quantitative genetic basis to test the null hypothesis of no difference in variation at those traits among three strains of brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) and their reciprocal hybrids. Our results indicate that the strategy of winter energy preparation and mobilization was specific to each strain, whereby (1) domestic fish accumulated a higher amount of energy reserves before winter and kept accumulating liver glycogen during winter despite lower feeding; (2) Laval fish used liver glycogen and lipids during winter and experienced a significant decrease in condition factor; (3) Rupert fish had relatively little energy reserves accumulated at the end of fall and preferentially mobilized visceral fat during winter. Significant heritability for traits related to the accumulation and use of energy reserves was found in the domestic and Laval but not in the Rupert strain. Genetic and phenotypic correlations also varied among strains, which suggested population-specific genetic architecture underlying the expression of these traits. Hybrids showed limited evidence of non-additive effects. Overall, this study provides the first evidence of a genetically based—and likely adaptive—population-specific strategy for energy mobilization related to overwinter survival. -- Keywords : Heritability Non-additive effects Energy mobilization strategy Local adaptation Genetic and phenotypic correlation Fish physiology.

Type de document :	Article
Validation par les pairs :	Oui
Mots-clés :	Omble Fontaine Salvelinus Fontinalis Population Variation Adaptation Environnement Hivernage Reserve Energie Heredite Genetique Phenotype
Version du document déposé :	Post-print (version corrigée et acceptée)
Départements et unités départementales :	Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER)
Déposé par :	DIUQAR UQAR
Date de dépôt :	07 nov. 2018 20:30
Dernière modification :	05 oct. 2023 15:57
URI :	https://semaphore.uqar.ca/id/eprint/1419

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